Vocabulary
Definition:
Dead Horses for Vocabulary Instruction
1. Do not give students isolated words of weekly spelling words to look up in the dictionary and write sentences. This is a deadly useless activity that is boring, not good instruction, and only teaches students how boring it is to learn new words.
2. Do not use the dictionary as punishment.
3. Move away from fill in the blank, or matching word definitions in isolation
2. Do not use the dictionary as punishment.
3. Move away from fill in the blank, or matching word definitions in isolation
Exemplary Vocabulary Instruction Strategies
Read Aloud
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"The single most important activity for building the knowledge required for eventual success in reading is reading aloud to children." (Becoming a Nation of Readers, 1985) |
Direct Vocabulary Instruction
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"Direct teaching of vocabulary can help improve comprehension when we follow these guidelines." (Cooper, 1993) |
Before Reading Strategies:
Organizing Words Into Categories
Background Knowledge:
"The relationship between vocabulary knowledge and background knowledge is explicit in research."
(Nagy & Herman, 1984; Marzano, 2004; Hart & Risley, 1995)
"Our inner-city student might have little background knowledge related to camping trips but a lot related to getting around the city on the subway. Consequently, he would have difficulty learning and integrating new information about camping trips but would find it easy to learn new information about transportation via subway systems."
(Marzano, 2004)
(Nagy & Herman, 1984; Marzano, 2004; Hart & Risley, 1995)
"Our inner-city student might have little background knowledge related to camping trips but a lot related to getting around the city on the subway. Consequently, he would have difficulty learning and integrating new information about camping trips but would find it easy to learn new information about transportation via subway systems."
(Marzano, 2004)
Word Sorts
Vacca and Vacca (1996) describe two forms of Word Sorts:
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Concept/Word Maps
Frayer Diagram
During Reading Strategies:
Semantic Feature Analysis
Strategy that uses a grid to help kids explore how sets of things are related to one another.
Word Walls
No matter what grade, word walls are an effective tool for creating schema and consolidating information on a topic. Visuals are a key component of these kinds of word walls, and even connecting lines help students to bridge understandings from one concept to another. Providing an anchor to these new words, whether it's on a bulletin board a door, or a portable screen, giving students, especially for ELLS this is an important bridge to learning.
Vocabulary Interventions
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